a)

$2x^3+16=2(x^3+8)=2(x^3+2^3)=2(x+2)(x^2-2x+4)$

b)

$8xy^3+x(x-y)^3=x[8y^3+(x-y)^3]=x[(2y)^3+(x-y)^3]$

$=x(2y+x-y)[(2y)^2-2y(x-y)+(x-y)^2]$

$=x(x+y)(x^2-4xy+7y^2)$

c)

$(a+b)^3+c^3=(a+b+c)[(a+b)^2-(a+b)c+c^2]$

$=(a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab-ac-bc)$

d)

\(x^2+(a+b)xy+aby^2=x^2+axy+bxy+aby^2\)

$=x(x+ay)+by(x+ay)=(x+by)(x+ay)$

e)

$x^2-(2a+b)xy+2aby^2=x^2-2axy-bxy+2aby^2$

$=x(x-2ay)-by(x-2ay)=(x-by)(x-2ay)$

g)

$y^2-(3a+2b)xy+6abx^2=(y^2-2bxy)-(3axy-6abx^2)$

$=y(y-2bx)-3ax(y-2bx)=(y-3ax)(y-2bx)$

f)

$3xy(a^2+b^2)-ab(x^2+9y^2)=3xya^2+3xyb^2-abx^2-9aby^2$

$=(3xya^2-abx^2)-(9aby^2-3xyb^2)$

$=ax(3ay-bx)-3by(3ay-bx)=(3ay-bx)(ax-3by)$

h) Sửa lại đề bài chút xíu:

$(xy+ab)^2+(ay-bx)^2=x^2y^2+a^2b^2+2abxy+a^2y^2-2aybx+b^2x^2$

$=x^2y^2+a^2b^2+a^2y^2+b^2x^2$

$=(x^2y^2+b^2x^2)+(a^2b^2+a^2y^2)$

$=x^2(y^2+b^2)+a^2(b^2+y^2)=(a^2+x^2)(b^2+y^2)$

j)

$ab(x^2+y^2)+xy(a^2+b^2)=abx^2+aby^2+xya^2+xyb^2$
$=(abx^2+xya^2)+(aby^2+xyb^2)$

$=ax(bx+ay)+by(ay+bx)=(ax+by)(ay+bx)$

k)

$(xy-ab)^2+(bx+ay)^2=x^2y^2-2xyab+a^2b^2+b^2x^2+2bxay+a^2y^2$

$=x^2y^2+a^2b^2+b^2x^2+a^2y^2$

$=(x^2y^2+b^2x^2)+(a^2b^2+a^2y^2)=x^2(y^2+b^2)+a^2(b^2+y^2)$

$=(a^2+x^2)(b^2+y^2)$

a. (a-b)^2 = (a-b)(a-b) = a^2 - ab - ba + b^2 = a^2 - 2ab + b^2

b. (a+b)^3= (a+b)(a+b)(a+b) = (a^2 + 2ab + b^2)(a + b) = a^3 + a^2b + 2a^2b + 2ab^2 + ab^2 + b^3 = a^3 + 3a^2b + 3b^2a + b^3

c. (a-b)^3= (a - b)(a-b)(a-b) = (a^2 - 2ab + b^2)(a - b) = a^3 - a^2b - 2a^2b + 2ab^2 + b^2a - b^3 = a^3 - 3a^2b + 3ab^2 - b^3

e. (a-b) ( a^2 + ab +b^2) = a^3 + a^2b + b^2a - ba^2 - ab^2 - b^3 = a^3 - b^3

g. ( a-b) ( a+b) = a^2 +ab -ab - b^2 = a^2 - b^2

a) Ta có: \(A=\left(x^3-x^2y+xy^2-y^3\right)\left(x+y\right)\)

\(=x^4+x^3y-x^3y-x^2y^2+x^2y^2+xy^3-xy^3-y^4\)

\(=x^4-y^4\)

Thay x=2 và \(y=-\frac{1}{2}\) vào biểu thức \(A=x^4-y^4\), ta được:

\(A=2^4-\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)^4\)

\(=16-\frac{1}{16}\)

\(=\frac{255}{16}\)

Vậy: \(\frac{255}{16}\) là giá trị của biểu thức \(A=\left(x^3-x^2y+xy^2-y^3\right)\left(x+y\right)\) tại x=2 và \(y=-\frac{1}{2}\)

b) Ta có: \(B=\left(a-b\right)\left(a^4+a^3b+a^2b^2+ab^3+b^4\right)\)

\(=a^5+a^4b+a^3b^2+a^2b^3+ab^4-a^4b-a^3b^2-a^2b^3-ab^4-b^5\)

\(=a^5-b^5\)

Thay a=3 và b=-2 vào biểu thức \(B=a^5-b^5\), ta được:

\(B=3^5-\left(-2\right)^5\)

\(=243-\left(-32\right)\)

\(=243+32=275\)

Vậy: 275 là giá trị của biểu thức \(B=\left(a-b\right)\left(a^4+a^3b+a^2b^2+ab^3+b^4\right)\) tại a=3 và b=-2

c) Ta có: \(C=\left(x^2-2xy+2y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)+2x^3-3x^2y^2+2xy^3\)

\(=x^4+x^2y^2-2x^3y-2xy^3+2x^2y^2+2y^4+2x^3-3x^2y^2+2xy^3\)

\(=x^4-2x^3y+2y^4+2x^3\)

Thay \(x=y=\frac{-1}{2}\) vào biểu thức \(C=x^4-2x^3y+2y^4+2x^3\), ta được:

\(C=\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)^4-2\cdot\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)^3\cdot\frac{-1}{2}+2\cdot\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)^4+2\cdot\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)^3\)

\(=\frac{1}{16}-2\cdot\frac{-1}{8}\cdot\frac{-1}{2}+2\cdot\frac{1}{16}+2\cdot\frac{-1}{8}\)

\(=\frac{1}{16}-\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{4}\)

\(=\frac{1}{16}-\frac{1}{4}=\frac{1}{16}-\frac{4}{16}=\frac{-3}{16}\)

Vậy: \(-\frac{3}{16}\) là giá trị của biểu thức \(C=\left(x^2-2xy+2y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)+2x^3-3x^2y^2+2xy^3\) tại \(x=y=\frac{-1}{2}\)

câu hỏi tương tự

Bài 1:

a) \(\left(x+y\right)^2-y^2=x^2+2xy+y^2-y^2=x^2+2xy=x\left(x+2y\right)\)

b) Sửa đề: \(\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-\left(2xy\right)^2=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x+y\right)^2\)

c) \(x\left(x-3y\right)^2+y\left(y-3x\right)^2=x\left(x^2-6xy+9y^2\right)+y\left(y^2-6xy+9x^2\right)\)

\(=x^3-6x^2y+9xy^2+y^3-6xy^2+9x^2y\)

\(=x^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+y^3=\left(x+y\right)^3\)

Bài 2:

a) \(\left(a+b\right)^3+\left(a-b\right)^3=\left(a+b+a-b\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)+\left(a-b\right)^2\right]\)

\(=2a\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-a^2+b^2+a^2-2ab+b^2\right)\)

\(=2a\left(a^2+3b^2\right)\)

b) \(\left(a+b\right)^3-\left(a-b\right)^3=\left(a+b-a+b\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)+\left(a-b\right)^2\right]\)

\(=2b\left(a^2+2ab+b^2+a^2-b^2+a^2-2ab+b^2\right)\)

\(=2b\left(b^2+3a^2\right)\)

a, \(\left(x+y\right)^2-y^2=x\left(x+2y\right)\Leftrightarrow x^2+2xy+y^2-y^2=x^2+2xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2xy=x^2+2xy\left(đpcm\right)\)

b, \(\left(x^2+y^2\right)-\left(2xy\right)^2=\left(x+y\right)^2\left(x-y\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2-4x^2y^2=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2-4x^2y^2=x^4-2x^2y^2+y^4\)đề sai ? 

a) Ta có: \(\left(3-xy^2\right)^2-\left(2+xy^2\right)^2\)

\(=\left[\left(3-xy^2\right)-\left(2+xy^2\right)\right]\cdot\left[\left(3-xy^2\right)+\left(2+xy^2\right)\right]\)

\(=\left(3-xy^2-2-xy^2\right)\cdot\left(3-xy^2+2+xy^2\right)\)

\(=5\cdot\left(1-2xy^2\right)\)

\(=5-10xy^2\)

b) Ta có: \(9x^2-\left(3x-4\right)^2\)

\(=\left[3x-\left(3x-4\right)\right]\left[3x+\left(3x-4\right)\right]\)

\(=\left(3x-3x+4\right)\cdot\left(3x+3x-4\right)\)

\(=4\cdot\left(6x-4\right)\)

\(=24x-16\)

c) Ta có: \(\left(a-b^2\right)\left(a+b^2\right)\)

\(=a^2-b^4\)

d) Ta có: \(\left(a^2+2a+3\right)\left(a^2+2a-3\right)\)

\(=\left(a^2+2a\right)^2-9\)

\(=a^4+4a^3+4a^2-9\)

e) Ta có: \(\left(x-y+6\right)\left(x+y-6\right)\)

\(=x^2+xy-6x-yx-y^2+6y+6x+6y-36\)

\(=x^2-y^2+12y-36\)

f) Ta có: \(\left(y+2z-3\right)\left(y-2z-3\right)\)

\(=\left(y-3\right)^2-\left(2z\right)^2\)

\(=y^2-6y+9-4z^2\)

g) Ta có: \(\left(2y-5\right)\left(4y^2+10y+25\right)\)

\(=\left(2y\right)^3-5^3\)

\(=8y^3-125\)

h) Ta có: \(\left(3y+4\right)\left(9y^2-12y+16\right)\)

\(=\left(3y\right)^3+4^3\)

\(=27y^3+64\)

i) Ta có: \(\left(x-3\right)^3+\left(2-x\right)^3\)

\(=\left(x-3\right)^3-\left(x-2\right)^3\)

\(=x^3-9x^2+27x-27-\left(x^3-6x^2+12x-8\right)\)

\(=x^3-9x^2+27x-27-x^3+6x^2-12x+8\)

\(=-3x^2+15x-19\)

j) Ta có: \(\left(x+y\right)^3-\left(x-y\right)^3\)

\(=\left[\left(x+y\right)-\left(x-y\right)\right]\cdot\left[\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)^2\right]\)

\(=\left(x+y-x+y\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2+x^2-y^2+x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\)

\(=2y\cdot\left(3x^2+y^2\right)\)

\(=6x^2y+2y^3\)